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July 20, 1954 A. H. SHARPE 2,684,198

NEGATIVE TOTAL TAKING MEANS FOR COMBINED TYPEWRITING'AND COMPUTING MACHINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 23, 1950 E R mimw M N W MW W T D A July 20, 1954 A. H. SHARPE 2,684,198

NEGATIVE TOTAL TAKING MEANS FOR COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINES Filed Dec. 23, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 M DATE DESCRIPTION DEBITS CREDITS NEW [LIE 5 I00 OONOV.1,50 5O O0 200 00- 5% Q61: 5 I00 00 25 OO- 25 0011' 25 00 EN TOR.

5 BY WW ATTORNEY 2,684,198 AL TAKING MEANS FOR COMBINED W E N 4 5 9 1 0 2 V. l H J 3 Sheets-Sheet 15 Filed Dec. 23, 1950 INVENTOR. ARTHUR/ l SHAH/ E ATTORNEY Patented July 20, 1954 NEGATIVE TOTAL TAKING MEANS FOR COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COM- PUTING MACHINES Arthur H. Sharpe, West Hartford, Conn., assignor to Underwood Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware I Application December 23, 1950, Serial No. 202,448

2 Claims. 1 The present invention relates to improvements in a combined typewriting and computing maof type than if the New Balance is a positive amount. In machines of the Pitman type, when chine of the type exemplified in Patent No. a negative New Balance is later manually typed 2,192,365, issued March 5, 1940, in the name of as an Old Balance, the style of type is the same H. L. Pitman and more particularly involves 5 as when said balance is a positive one. With the improvements over that form of the machine present machine it is possible to print the Old described in Pitman Patent No. 2,393,395, issued Balance in the same style of type as the last New April 16, 1946. Balance, regardless of whether said balance in general, the machine of the present inis positive or negative, thus making it possible vention comprises a typewriting section surby casual inspection of a completed work sheet mounting a computing section, the computing to determine which of the Old Balances are section including a plurality of add-subtract negative in character and likewise making it po register or totalizers and differential actuators for sible to more readily associate the particular running indexed amounts selectively additively Old Balances with their respective New Balances. or suhtractively into the wheels of the registers As will later be more readily apparent, substanunder the action of a general operator mechatial changes in the total printing mechanism and nism. in the indexing means, must be made in order The indexing operation is performed by the to accomplish this result. numeral type actions of the typewriting section; It is a primary object then of this invention, to and in the patents refered to above, the digits provide a combined typewriting and computing indexed were the same as the digit type actions machine having means whereby automatically which were operated, thus if the 5 type action printed New Balances may be distinguished as was operated, a 5 would be indexed and evento their positive or negative character by the tually run into one or more of the registers. In style of type in which they are printed and the present machine, when a negative total is wherein manually typed Old Balances may be printed, the digits indexed are the "nines comprinted in the same style of type as their respecplements of the digit type actions operated and tive new balances. herein lies one of the improvements of this in- It is a further object of this invention to vention over the prior art, as will presently approvide various new mechanisms and arrangepear. 3U ments of parts whereby the primary object may The present machine, like those of the patents be obtained. referred to above, is provided with means for These and further objects, features and ad I automatically reading out the totals standing in vantages will become more readily apparent as the registers and printing the same. Since the the description of a preferred embodiment of machine will print negative totals as well as posi the invention proceeds. tive totals and since the registers are blind, that Referring now to the drawings:

is they cannot be seen by the operator, it is Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partly in desirable that some automatically operable means section, of a machine embodying the present he provided whereby the printed totals may be invention, readily distinguished, and for that purpose, this Figure 2 is a plan view of the indexing means, machine, like those referred to above, prints the employed in the present machine and showing a different types of totals in diiferent styles of type. portion of the total printing mechanism, However the manner of accomplishing this result Figure 3 is an exploded view of a portion of is not the same in the present machine, and this a complemental switch employed in t t t l constitutes another improvement over the art. printing h i one form of Work Commonly p m d y this Figure 4 is a side elevational view of a portion machine, as well as by those referred to in the of the case hift mechanism, above mentioned Pitman patents, involves the Figure 5 is a diagrammatic Showing of one manual typing of an Old. Balance followed on type f Work performed by this machine, and the same horizontal line by the manual typing Fjguye 6 is a circuit diagl'aflL of Debit and Credit entries and the automat c The typewriting section is generally similar to pr o h N w B l n As indicated above, that of the machine described the Patent No. if the algebraic sum of the Old Balance, the 2,398,395 and comprises a standard keyboard l0 Debits and the Credits, is anegative quantity, the including a row of numeral keys H and a row new balance will be printed in a different style of decimal tabulator keys !2. Each numeral key is carried by a key lever It pivotally mounted on a cross member i and each key lever is provided with a pendant is which, when a numeral key is depressed, strikes against one end of an actuator i 5 to rock said actuator and move a toothed pawl ll carried by the other end thereof into engagement with a rotating power shaft 58. Each actuator is pivotally' connected near its midpoint to one arm of a three armed intermediate lever is. The levers i? are pivotally mounted on the cross and one arm of each lever is connected by a link to one arm of a type bar iii which is in turn pivotally carried by a shiitable basket, generally designated 22. The third arms of the intermediate levers 29 each pivotally carry a pendant 23 for operating an indexing means, as will presently be described. Thus it will be apparent that when a numeral key is depressed, the power shaft 53 will a one of the intermediate levers l 8 to thereby swing the asso ciated type lever about its pivot and cause the type face thereof to strike against a line-spaceaole roller platen 2d.

The platen 2c is mounted in the usual letter spaceable carriage 25 car ed by front and rear rails is and respect? ly. The carriage urged in a letter feed direction by the usual spring drum 23 and normally limited to a stepby-step motion by its usual escapenient mechanism, generally designated 23.

The case shift mechanism is substantially similar to that shown in Patent No. 23%,395 but since such mechanism forms a vital part of the present invention it will be fairly fully described herein. Referring to Fig. 4, a case shift key lever is fixed to a rock shaft 8i journaled the typewriter housing. An arm 32 fixed to said rock shaft 3% has a pin-and-slot and spring con nection 33 to a connecting link 34 pivotally conne ted at to a slide as having slanted slots .alsly fitting stationary studs 33. An ecvl c is rotatable about the axis of the power shaft a clutch dog -35? is pivotally mounted on s eccentric and spring urged toward engagement with said power shaft. The clutch dog however, is normally held out of engagement with said power shaft by means of a shoulder ii on the slide 35, said slide being held in the position shown by means of a light spring 42.

When the case shift key lever 3i? is rocked a counterclockwise direction, as by depression of the hey, the pin-and-slot and spung con nection draws the slide 35 downward and towrd the lei to disengage the shoulder ii from the clutch dog to and thereby allow said dog to move into engagement with the power shaft it and clutch the eccentric iii} to said shaft. As the shoulder H moves away from the clutch dog, a second shoulder 33 on the slide 36 moves to a po-- sition to intercept said dog and disengage same from the power shaft after the eccentric has turned a half of a revolution. Thus, each time the shift key lever so is rocked counterclockwise, the eccentric 39 is rotated 180 from the position shown in Fig. 4 and remains in said rotated position as long as the key lever 36 is held depressed, either by the force of the operators finger on the key or by suitable shift lock mechanism, not shown.

a. strap A l is journaled on the eccentric as by means of ball bearings, not shown, and is pivotally connected at to a rocker 55 swingable about the same axis as a rock shaft ll. The rock shaft ll" is provided with a pair of side arms 68 carrying studs 4Q, only one of which is shown,

which bear against one of the studs at. as the eccentric 39 is rotated from l position, the rocker it moves the type basket 22 downward to thereby provide a case t operation. Each type bar is provided with the same digit for lower and upper case but the or its are of difierent styles of type, for a reason later to fully appear.

The escapement mechanism 29 is identical with that fully described in the Pitman Patent lio. 2,398,395. Whenever a type bar is operated, a universal bar 52 moves toward the rear, and a pair of arms, one of which is indicated in Fig. l at 53, moves a cross rod 5 rearwardly to move a slidable frame 55 into engagement with the usual escapement dogs 56 and rock said dogs so that one of them moves out of engagement with the teeth of a star wheel ii? while the other moves into engagement therewith. As the type bar returns, the dogs 56 rock in the opposite direction under the action of a spring, not shown. This rearward and forward rocking of the dogs allows the carriage to move one letter space, is well known. The frame 55 is pivotally connected at its rear edge to a pair or" a s one of which is shown, and said arms to a rock shaft 59. Thus, by rocking shaft 59, in a manner to be presently described, the same escapement action will take place as place upon operation of a type action.

Except for the indexing means, which will later be fully described, the computing section of the present machine is substantially similar to that of the machine described in the above referred to Pitman Patent No. 2,192,365. Thus general, the computing section has located the forward portion thereof a plurality of addsuh tract registers, each of which comprises a plurality of axially aligned wheels lid. Only one drawings but it will be understood that all of other wheels are axially aligned with the wheel 69. The register wheels are of a compound construction and comprise a gear i i and disk having a spiral array of digit stops, each stop 1 presenting a digital value, as will be understood. Located adjacent the wheels 60, but normally out of mesh with the gears thereof, are a group of idler gears 63, there being an idler gear corresponding to each of the register wheels, and these idler gears are meshed with teeth 2 provided on the forward ends of a group of differential actuators 65.

The differential actuators 55 are each provided with a row of indexible or settable pins representing the digits from 0 to 9. These actuators or pin bars are normally positioned by spring devices 61 against a guide comb til so that their pins es are out of line with corresponding pin setting blades 89.

For each computing zone, the typew -ter carriage 25 is provided with a column unit is adapted to depress seriatim a series of denouhnational jacks ii. Each jack, when depressed, operates, through a push link l2 and a bell crank l3, a master rack 14 which is connected through a rookable cross blade 55 to a distributive rack '55. There is, of course, a set of distributive racks it for each register. Each rack is is provided with a coupler l1 liftable by a plate is into operative alignment with the corresponding one of the differential actuators 65. Upon entry of the carriage into a computing zone, the column unit "ill depresses one or more of a series of control plates F9 to raise the corresponding coupler lifting plate or plates It by means of an operative connection not shown, so that subsequent traverse of the jacks ll by the column unit will advance the differential actuators seriatim to indexing position beneath the blades 69. The blades 89 are operated in a manner to be presently described to index the pins lit. During the traverse of the computing zone, the column unit is depresses other control plates not shown, to release one or both of a pair of latches 85, only one of which is shown in Fig. 1, to permit a statecontrol bar 85 to move forward to an addition or a subtraction determining position. As the carriage steps out of the computing zone, the column unit 10 passes over a cycle trip dog 82 which, by means of a connection diagrammatically indicated by chain-dotted line 83, raises a clutch dog 8 and allows a general operator shaft 85 to make one revolution. During the rotation of the shaft 85, the selected register moves down to engage its wheels Ell with the teeth of the differential actuators, if addition has been selected, or back to engage the idler gears 53, if subtraction has been selected, and a general operator bar as moves forward and back to pick up the indexed pins and move the bars 55 forward differential amounts to run the indexed amount into the register. The above description of the operation of the indexing and running of amounts into the registers is some what sketchy but it is the same as fully described in the Pitman Patent No. 2,192,365.

The fields of pins 66 constitute index means and during normal adding and subtracting operations the index means is indexed in much the same manner as described in the Patent No. 2,192,365. For operating the pins 66, an indexing means is provided consisting of a plurality, ten, to be specific, of linkages including the aforementioned blade 59 and a corresponding set of upper blades 3?, said upper and lower blades being connected together at their ends by bell cranks, not shown, to form parallelograms, as shown in the patent to Schneble, No. 2,318,425. These pin-setting linkages re mounted in a frame coinpri Zng transversely extending side members as tied together at their ends by posts 5d, one of which is shown in F'ig. 2.

Sliolably and turnably mounted in the side members 85 are ten shafts 96, each of which has secured to one end thereof a crank arm 9i, and said shafts are provided at their opposite ends with a notch into which fits the lower edge of a rockable blade 92. The blade 92 is provided at its ends with pintles 93 adjacent its upper edge about which plntles said blade is adapted to be rocked, to thereby slide the shafts Ell endwise, in a manner and for a purpose to be presently described. The pinties as, one of which is shown in Fig. 2, are mounted in brackets 54 carried by the rear side member 8%. There is an eleventh shaft, shown in Fig. 2 and designated 95, rotatably but non-slidably mounted in the side memhers as and the purpose of this eleventh shaft will be described later.

In Fig. 2, for purposes of simplifying the disclosure, small numerals have been placed adjajacent the right hand ends of the blades 8'! to in dicate the digital value of the pins 88 corresponding to said blades. Each of the shafts 96 is provided with a bifurcated crank arm 3G, the bifurcation of which under normal conditions fits over a pin 91 provided on each of the blades 3?. Thus when a shaft 90 is rocked, its crank arm at will move its blade 6'! toward the left, and due to the parallelogram arrangement of the blades 81 and 69, the blade 69 will move down to set a pin in the differential actuator t5 which has been moved forward, as hereinabove pointed out, to pin setting position. The shafts 536 are rocked by the pendants 23 striking against the crank arms 9| when a type action is operated.

Thus during normal item entry operations, when a numeral key I I is depressed, its actuator I8 is moved into engagement with the fluted power shaft I 8 to cause a power operation of the type action corresponding to the numeral key, and the pendant 23 on the intermediate lever IQ of said type action moves down to rock its shaft 58 and thereby index a pin 66 corresponding to the digital value of the numeral key. This is true of normal subtractive operations as well as additive operations. The typewriter being normally in lower case condtion, the numerals will be printed in a particular style of type, for example upright or vertical.

As was previously mentioned, though the particular manner of accomplishing the result not as yet been explained, this machine automatically prints negative totals in a diiferent style of type from positive totals. Now the type face for the negative totals is located in the up per case position on the type bars and in thi machine unlike the machines of the E'itman patents herein referred to, the digit on the lower and upper case of the type bars is the same, they merely being of different styles of type.

Assuming that the last automatically printed New Balance was a negative amount and it is desired to print that amount manually in the Old Balance column of a statement, and print in the same style of type as was used in the New Balance column. It is necessary of course to shift to upper case and since, as will be appreciated, the machine is normally conditioned by the column unit 1a to perform addition in the Old Balance column, most Old Balances being of a positive character, it is also necessary that the machine be manually conditioned to perform subtraction, since this amount must of course be run into the register subtractively. On the left hand side of the keyboard is a Credit Balance key. The key itself is not shown but the key stem is shown in Fig. 2 at 98 and the lower end of said key stern rests upon a pin provided in the end of a link SP2. The link 99 is urged rearwardly and upwardly by a spring Hill? and is provided with a notch n its upper edge adjacent the key stem 96, s notch normally accommodating a tab Elli pro vided on a member 102 secured to a frame meniber H13 of the computing section. The tab Its normally holds the link 59 in the position shown in Fig. 2. The rear end of the link I!!! is pivotally connected to an arm Hi4 fixed to a cross shaft I and other arms I lit fixed to said shaft "e pivotally connected to members it for opera those ones of the latches 8 3 which cause subtractive operations, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. To one end of the cross shaft 565 is secured an arm H38 having a tab I 88 bearing against the nose of a lever ilil. As best seen in Fig. lever I Ill is rockable upon a shaft I I i and its end opposite the nose against which the tab 259 bears is connected by a spring M2 to the slide 35.

Thus when the Credit Balance key is depressed, the notch in the link as is pressed below the tab It! and the spring E thereupon pulls said link rearwardly, rocking the cross shaft M to remove the subtraction determining latches 80 from the state-control slides 8i, so that during the automatic cycle following the printing and indexing, the amount will be run into whichever registers have been selected by the column unit Rocking of the shaft I05 also causes the arm i138 thereon to rock the lever H0 and move the case shift slide 35, through the spring I I2, toward the left to give a case shift operation, as previously explained. During the succeeding cycle, suitable means, not shown, returns the link 99 to its normal position, thereby rocking the cross shaft H55 in the opposite direction to restore the subtraction determining latches and to allow the spring 42 to restore the slide 30, whereupon the machine shifts back to lower case, as previously explained.

For purposes of automatically reading out and printing the total standing in the registers, total sensing means is provided in the form of groups of digit sensing fingers l I3. There is a finger I I3 corresponding to each register wheel 50. Upon depression of a Total key, not shown, a tabulator reed Ht is raised and through rocking of a shaft ill: by said reed, the escapement mechanism is disabled, thereby allowing the carriage to move under the force of the spring drum 23 to the col umnar position wherein the total is to be printed. In this position, a control plate is operated by the column unit ill to raise a latch Ht from engagement with an arm 1!! on a shaft H8 and a spring l IS thereupon rotates the shaft I is which allows the digit sensing fingers I I3 to move forinto engagement with the spiral array of stops on the wheels '50, as more particularly explained in the Pitman Patent No. 2,398,395.

Each of the fingers I I 3 is provided with a swingabie arm lift, and during total taking operations, the arms (20 are raised seriatim by a group of interponent plates I2I to raise one of a series of blades !22 to thereby close a switch I23 corresponding to each of the digits sensed by the fingers i 53. The means for operating the switches 523 is identical with that described in Pitman Patout No. 2,372,618, issued April 3, 1045, and need not be further explained herein. The switches 23 are carried by brackets I25 secured to a rigid cross member M5, the upper edge of which is provided with notches and serves as a guide comb for the forward ends of the type bar actuators Ifi.

As seen in the wiring diagram, Fig. 6, there is a solenoid 520 corresponding to each of the switches 23 and each solenoid has an armature 52?, Fig. l, which, when a solenoid is energized, raises one end of an actuator IE, or another actuator to be described, so that it engages the power shaft :8. The power for operating the solenoids is derived from a line Q28 after passing through a transformer H9.

The wires leading from the switches 523 to the solenoids 52$ pass through a transposing switch generally indicated at I33. Said transposing switch is constructed as shown in Fig. 3 and comprises a lower insulating member I32 having a series of notches Hi3 therein corresponding to the switches I23. A thin copper member we having an elongated ear H5 and a pair of short ears I353 is fitted into each notch I33. A strip 53? of insulating material separates the member ltd from a second thin copper member its having a single short ear I39 and an elongated car kit. An upper insulating member MI extends along the length of the lower member I32 and insuall) lates the entire switch from a carrying slide I52. The slide is secured to the switch by rivets I43 and is provided with elongated guide slots I 44 by means of which said slide is carried by and guided upon pins I45, Fig. 2, secured to the brackets I24. From an inspection of Fig. 6, it will be apparent that when the switch 523 designated 0, for example, is closed the current will flow from the ear I38 through the ear I40 to the wire Hi6. Likewise, when the switch designated 9 is closed, the current will flow from the car 535 to the two cars I36 and from the left hand ear 535 to the wire I i'I. As will later be more fully explained, when the transposing switch 13I is moved to the left, closing of the 0 switch will cause current to flow through the wire it? and closing of the 9 switch will cause current to flow through the wire ME.

As previously stated, when the Total key is operated, the shaft H8 is rocked in a counterclockwise direction by the spring 555. An arm I48 is fixed to the shaft 5 l2 and said arm is pivotally connected to a link i453 upon the up er end of which rests a push link E50. Thus when the Total key is operated, the push link 5553 is raised and a shoulder i5I on said link raises an arm 552 so that a shoulder ififi thereupon is released from engagement with a member A spring 55 then moves the arm 1'52 toward the left as viewed in Figs. 1 and 6 to thereby condition a group of switches, generally designate-cl @5 5, for the total printing operation. The arm i553 i pivotally and slidably mounted upon a stu iEi'l, Fig. 1, so that when it is raised to disengage its shoulder 53 from the member @5 3 is moved toward the left by the spring 55, a nose I53 on said member moves to a position wherein it will be struck by a nose ids on the universal bar carrying arms '53 whenever said universal bar is operated, for a purpose to presently appear.

The switches E56 are comprised of contacts car ried by resilient arms, which for convenience have been indicated in Fig. 6 by the reference letters A through H. The bias of the arm G is such as to cause the switch GH to open and. the FG to close as soon as a pin let on the arm I52 moves away. With the other arms in the position shown, the switch 255 is thus in condition for the total printing operation.

Supposing the total standing in the register to be a plus 100,00 dollars, it will be understood that the wheels 60 will stand at: 000000100 00, and that these are the digits which will be sensed when the fingers H3 move forward. Since all of the digits to the left of the 1 are insignificant, it is of course desirable not to print them. Thus when the first left hand 0 is sensed the 0 switch I23 will be closed, and through the transposing switch I3l the current will flow through the wire I 46 as aforesaid and through the now closed switch FG to the space solenoid SP. This space solenoid, like the numeral solenoids I 20 has an armature underlying one end of an actuator similar to the actuators :5. A portion of the space actuator has been indicated in Fig. 1 at lSI and this space actuator is pivotally connected to an intermediate lever i62 similar to the intermediate levers it. There is of course no type action connected to the intermediate lever I62 and this lever also carries no pendant similar to the pendants 23 because it is not necessary to set the 0 pins 65, since, as explained in the Pitman patents referred to above, the 0 pins are all set at the end of each cycle of operation of the machine. A link N38 is connected at one end to the intermediate lever I62 and at its other end is connected by a 10st motion connection I54 to an arm I65 fixed to a cross shaft H56. Another arm i6? is also connected to the shaft I65 and the arm I61 has a pin-and-slot connection 568 to an arm I69 secured to the hereinbeiore referred to rock shaft 59. Thus, when the space solenoid is energized, the shaft 5s will be rocked a clockwise direction to opcrate the escapement mechanism 29 to allow a letter space movement of the carriage.

As the carriage moves, the switch I23 will be opened, as explained in the Pitman Patent No. 2,372,661, but since the next order wheel of the register also stands at 0 the "0 switch I23 will again be closed, thus reenergizing the space solenoid to cause another letter spacing movement of the carriage. It will be understood that this operation is continued until the l is sensed. Upon the sensing of the l the 1 switch I23 is closed to energize the l solenoid directly without going through the switches I56. When "he solenoid is energized the intermediate lever id of the 1 type action is of course operated to thereby print the l and also to index a i the differential actuator '65 which has been moved forward to pin setting position. As the universal bar 52 is operated during the movement of the 1 type bar 2I, the nose I55 on the arm presses against the nose 58 on the arm 552, thereby restoring the arm I52 to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 6 where its shoulder I53 latches over the member I54. The switches I56 are thereby restored to the position shown, so that as the succeeding zeros are sensed and the 0 switch i2 3 is closed the current will flow through the switch GH to the 0 solenoid to shy oper the type action. if all the wheels of the register stand at zero l1 may be desirable to print the two zeros for the tens of cents and cents positions, in which diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 5 at IIU in position to be struck by the column unit in as the column unit reaches the decimal place position. The control plate ill? will have connections indihy the chain-dotted line I?! so that as plate is depressed the connections Ill will ..e against the pin it on the arm I52 to restore said arm to the position shown in the drawing. As pointed out above, this restoring of the arm lei will cause the "9 solenoid to be energized when the 0 switch I23 is closed.

If the amount standing in the register at the time of a total taking operation should be minus 100.? dollars, the wheels will of course stand at 9939992399 99, as explained in the Pitman Patent No. 2,372,681, and it is therefore necessary that the index means 555 be indexed 99999989 99 in order that the wheels of the register will be cleared during the succeeding cycle, it being understood that in the present machine the register wheels are always rotated in a subtractive direction to clear the register after automatic total printing operations, regardless of whether the positive or negative. Since it is desired to is negative totals in a different style of pe from the positive total it is necessary to have a case shift operation and since the type bars have the same digits on upper and lower case it is n cessary to provide an arrangement for setting a pin t8 corresponding to the nines complement of the digit being typed. It is also necessary to provide some means whereby the digits typed will be the nines complement of the digits standing in the register. In order to eifect this complemental printing and complemental indexing, the machine is provided with negative amount sensing means identical to that described in the Pitman Patent No. 2,398,395. The highest order wheel or ultradenominational wheel of each register is provided with a special stop disk so arranged that when this wheel the feeler NS for that wheel will not move forward quite as far as when a 9 is sensed in any of the other wheels. Therefore when the arm i223 on the highest order finger I53 is moved up it l fts a different blade I22 than is lifted u on in sensing of an ordinary 9 and instead 0 closin the switch 23 indicated 9 in Fig. 6, it cl se the switch CB. It is of course understood tha a 9 in the highest order indicates that the amount is negative in character.

It was above explained that when the Total key is operated, the arm I52 moves to the left, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 6 and that the only sheet of this movement of the arm on the switches I55 is to open the switch G-H and close the switch FG. Thus when the CB switch IE3 is closed the CB SF'T solenoid is energized, the current passing through t e switch A-3. This CB SFT solenoid, which will hereafter be referred to as the credit balance solenoid, has an armature like that of the solenoids Hid for the numeral type actions which underlies one end of an actuator I72 identical with the actuators it and IEI. The actuator H2 is pivotally connected at I13 to a case shift lever Iltl pivotally mounted on the cross member I4. The lever Il-fi is provided on its upper end with a roller H5 bearing against an arm I'It of the shift key lever 3d.

Thus, when the credit balance solenoid is energized, the case shif lever is rocked counterclockwise, as view-ed in Figs. 1 and i, so that its roller I75 wipes against the arm lid of lever to rock said lever in a counterclockwise direction and institute a case shift, as previously explained. Pivotally connected to the lever lit at ii? is a link I'IS which has a bifurcated end slidably mounted on a cross shaft 79. The link IE s urged toward the right, as viewed in Fig. by a spring I and is provided with a square stud. I8 I. A lever I82 is pivotally mounted on the shaft I79 and one end of said lever is pivotally connected to a link [83. A spring ltd, Fig. 1, pulls down on the link I83 and tends to rotate the lever I82 about the shaft I79. As the lever lid rotates to case shift position, the link H3 is pulled to the left and a shoulder I85 on the lever I82 snaps behind the stud I8I to thereby hold the lever I'M in case shift position during the total printing operation. During the cycle which t so place after the printing of the last digit of the amount, a disk I85 secured to the main cycle shaft 85 cams outwardly a lever it which is connected by a link I88 to an arm its fast on a shaft I95, as seen in Fig. 1. Also secured to the shaft IQt is an arm is! having a pin located beneath the lower end of the link I? so that during the cycle, the pin I82 raises the link enough to rock the lever I82 counterclockwise to remove the shoulder I85 from engagement with the stud I81 and allow the spring I39 to pull back on the link I78 and rock the lever I'it in a cloci-zwise direction. This rocking of the lever back to the position shown in Fig. 4 releases the case shift lever 36 and allows the machine to return to lower case condition, as previously explained.

The lower end of the lever H4 is connected by a pin-and slot connection I93 to a slide The forward end of the slide i9=i is provided with a cam slot I95, as seen in Fig. 2, and a pin I96 on the complemental switch slide M32 fits into said cam slot. Thus, as the slide I95 moves rearward- 1y due to the rocking of the lever I'M, the complemental switch [3 I is moved to the left, as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 6. When the switch l3! moves to the left the switches i23' become associated with the solenoids 426 corresponding to the nines complements of said switches, rather than with the solenoids having the same digital value as said switches. For example, when the switch is closed the current flows from the ear 139 through the ear M8 to the Wire l4? rather than to the wire Hi6 because shifting of the switch I3! moves the car IM out of contact with wire I45 and into contact with wire Hi1 as is apparent from Fig. 6.

The rear end of the slide 94 is provided with a pin i9! which, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, rests against the edge of a bail IE8 secured to the rockable blade E2. As the slide I85 moves rearward, the pin it? presses against the edge of the bail 59% to thereby rock the blade 92 and cause its lower edge to move the shafts 9t forward. As may be seen in Fig. 2, when the shafts 9% move forward, the crank arms 95 slide off of the pins El connecting them to the blades El and other crank arms 599 on said shafts move forward to embrace pins 26% to thereby operatively connect each shaft 96 to the blade 8? representing the nines complement of the normally connected blade. There is no crank arm 699 associated with the 4 or blade 8'! because the crank arm 96 merely moves from the pin 8? connecting it to the 5 blade to embrace the pin 2% carried by the 4 blade. The forward movement of the shafts 99 is so slight that the crank arms 9i fixed thereto remain operatively associated with their respective numeral type action pendants 23. Thus, subsequent typing of a digit of the negative amount will result in the operation of the blade 8! corresponding to the nines complement of the digit printed. Since the digit printed is the nines complement of the digit standing in the register, the blade 37 which is operated will have the same numerical value as the digit in the register and the pins 66 will be indexed during the total printing operation according to the amount in the register, which in the example referred to above is: 999999899 99.

There is one other thing that takes place during the case shift operation. As the type bracket 22 moves downwards, a shaft 235, see Fig. 1, also moves downward, as fully explained in the patent to Fitman, No. 2,398,395. Pivotally mounted on the shaft Zili is a lever 2&2 having a bevelled lower end and connected near its upper end to one end of a rod 203. As the shaft 26! moves down, the lower bevelled end of the lever 2E2 strikes against a stationary pin 284 to thereby rock said lever in a clockwise direction. The rear end of the rod 263 is slidably supported in the member I5 3 and bears against an insulating tab 25% carried by the upper end of the switch member 33, as best seen in Fig. 6. Thus during the case shift operation, the rocking of the lever 292 causes the rod 203 to move rearwardly and by pressing against the tab 265 to open the switch A-.E and close the switch B-C. The upper end of the switch member D carries an insulating stud 2515 which abuts the switch member B and through said stud, rearward movement of the rod 203 closed the switch DE. As the arm i52 in its forward movement had caused the switch 12 F.G to close, as aforesaid, an insulating stud 23'! carried by the switch member G had moved forward into abutting relation with the stud 2% and now as the rod 203 moves rearwardly the Stud 2% presses against the stud 201 to open the switch h e-G, but the movement of the switch member G is not suficient to close the switch G+H. Thus with the machine in case shifted condition, the switches B-C and D-E are closed and the remainder of the switches I55 are open.

As the switch BC closes, the current flows from the credit balance switch CB through the switch BC to the nine pin solenoid 9?, the carriage thus far remaining in the highest order position wherein the credit balance switch is closed.

The nine pin solenoid 9? has an armature similar to the solenoids E26 and underlies one end of an actuator 20% identical with the actuators 5. The actuator 208 is pivotally connected to an intermediate lever 269, similar to the lever H52 and said lever is provided with a pendant 2 55 similar to the pendants 23. As seen in Fig. 2, the pendant 2h] rests upon an arm 215 of the shaft 95. All arm 2E2 is secured to the shaft and is connected by a pin-and-slot connection to the blade 8'! representing the digit 9. The shaft 95 is not connected with the rockable blade 92 and hence the case shift operation did not affect this shaft. Thus when the nine pin solenoid is energized, the 9 blade 8? is operated to set a 9 pin 66. This 9 will of course not be printed, because the intermediate lever 2% is not associated with a type bar. There is however a link 2 53, corresponding to the link E53 and located in alignment therewith, connected at one end to the lever 268 and connected at its other end to an arm 2% identical with the arm 98:: secured to the shaft 56%, so that as the intermediate lever 209 is operated the shaft lei; will be turned to actuate the escapement, as previously explained.

As the carriage steps to the next highest order position, a 9 is again sensed, in the example given; but since this is an ordinary, though insignificant, 9, the 9 switch 523 will be closed instead of the credit balance switch. Since the complemental switch it! has been shifted, closing of the 9 switch E23 will cause the current to flow through the wire 5% and the switch D-E of the switches E55 to the nine pin solenoid. This pulsating energization of the nine pin solenoid, with the resultant indexing of nines will continue until the 8 is sensed.

Since the complemental switch iSl is still in shifted position, the closing of the 8 switch iZS will energize the 1 solenoid iZfi to thereby operate the l type action and print a l. However due to the shifting of the shafts 99, operation of the type action will result in the indexing of an 8 pin 6'5.

As the l is printed, the universal bar 52 is of course operated, to thereby restore the arm 552 to its Fig. 6 position, as previously explained. As the arm 152 is restored, a pendant portion 255 thereof strikes against an insulating block 216 carried by the switch member E to thereby open the switch DE. The pin [5% on the arm 552 closes the switch G-H.

In the tens of dollars position a 9 is again sensed, in the example given, and this time as the 9 switch I23 is closed, the current flows through the complemental switch 53! to the wire Hi6 and thence through the switch G-I-I to the 0 solenoid [26. All of the remaining zeroes are 13 printed in this manner and since the shafts 90 are still in shifted position, nines will be indexed in the order positions wherein the zeroes are printed.

During the cycle following the printing of the last digit, the case shift mechanism is restored to lower case position, as previously explained, and when the lever I14 rocks back to its normal position, its pin-and-slot connection I93 moves the slide I94 to its forward position to thereby restore the complemental switch I3I to normal position. As the slide I94 moves forward, a spring 2!? extending between the upper edge of the bail I98 and a tab 2I8 on the member 88 rocks the blade 92 back to the position shown in Fig. 1 to thereby restore the shafts 90 to normal position. A suitable spring, not shown, restores the rod 203 to its normal position, whereupon the switches I 56 take up the positions shown in Fig. 6, in readiness for the next total taking operation.

By means of the hereinbefore described mechanisms and arrangements of parts it will be seen that a statement of account having the appearance of that shown in Fig. may be made. In Fig. 5, the New Balance shown in the first line is a negative quality and may readily be recognized as such by the oblique style of type. When this negative New Balance is later manually typed on the second line in the Old Balance position, the operator, before typing the amount, depresses the Credit Balance key, as aforesaid, to thereby cause a case shift operation and cause the amount to be printed in the same oblique style as was the automatically printed New Balance. In printing the Old Balance of 00 dollars, a positive amount, the Credit Balance key is not operated and there is therefore no case shift and this amount is printed in an upright or vertical style of type.

Having thus described a preferred embodiment of the invention, what is claimed is:

l. A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising a set of numeral type bars each of which is provided with the same digit for lower and upper case but said digits being of different styles of type, a platen against which said type bars are adapted to strike, case shift mechanism for effecting a relative shift between said type bars and said platen, power means for operating said case shift mechanism, initiating means for initiating operation of said power means, an addsubtract register comprising a plurality of axially aligned wheels, means for sensing the digits standing in said wheels, type bar actuating means operable by said sensing means, negative amount sensing means, said initiating means being operated by said negative amount sensing means, a set of indexable differential actuators, a set of blades for indexing said differential actuators, mechanism associated with said type bar actuating means to normally operate said blades in accordance with the digit being printed, means operated by said initiating means to cause said type bar actuating means to operate said blades in accordance with the nines complement of the digit being printed.

2. A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising a set of numeral type bars each of which is provided with the same digit for lower and upper case but said digits being of different styles of type, a platen against which said type bars are adapted to strike, case shift mechanism for effecting a relative shift between said type bars and said platen, case shift mechanism operating means, an add-subtract register comprising a plurality of axially aligned wheels, means for sensing the digits standing in said wheels, type bar actuating means operable by said sensing means, negative amount sensing means, means effective upon the sensing of a nine by said negative amount sensing means to actuate said case shift mechanism operating means, a set of differential actuators for said register, index means for said differential actuators, a set of blades for indexing said index means, each of said blades having a digital value, a rockshaft corresponding to each of said blades and having a first arm normally connected to a first one of said blades and having a second arm normally disconnected from a blade representing the nines complement of the first blade, mechanism associated with said said type bar actuating means to operate said rockshafts, means operated by said case shift mechanism operating means to shift said rockshafts so as to disconnect the first arms thereof from their blades and connect the second arms thereof to the blades representing the nines complement of said first blades.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,195,606 Toggenburger Apr. 2, 1940 2,364,758 Roggenstein Dec. 12, 1944 2,398,395 Pitman Apr. 16, 1946 

